Transmission



Jan. 7, 1936. w. B. BARNES 2,027,013,

' mAnsbgtssrow Filed Oct; 7, 19:53

J INVENTOR. 4 J William B. 152M266,

y i w ATTORNEYS 'bodying my invention, the enclosing casing being- 2 tha J....1 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT err-let:

5Claims.

For the purpose of discl6sing .my invention I have illustrated certain embodiments thereof in the accompanying drawing in which- Fig. having associated therewith my improved type of transmission;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a transmission emshown in section;

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view of the clutching mechanism for connecting the overspeed drive; a

Fig. 4" is a longitudinal sectional view of the clutching mechanism connecting the second gear drive and Fig. 5 is a detail view of mechanism for the overspeed drive.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated the rear axledrive comprises 'the usual differential drive I for driving the two rear axles. In the particular structure the driven ring gear 2 of this differential is of the hypoid gear type and receives the drive from the propeller shaft.

The propeller shaft 3 from the engine through the usual'friction clutch and this shaft is provided with a reverse drive gear 4, and a low speed drive. gear-5; these gears being fixed on the shaft. In addition to the low speed drive gear 5 there is provided a second speed drivegear 6 which is rotatably mounted on the shaft.

'A driven shaft l is provided with a hypoid pinion ii meshing with the ring gear 2. This shaft is driven directly from the shaft 3 or through the instrumentality of the gears l, 5 and 6 operating "through a counter shaft 9 having fixed thereon a second speed gearl and having splined thereon a low speed gear 'I I. .For connecting the gear 6'to the shaft .3 or the shaft 3 directly to the shaft 1, I provide a suitable clutch which may be of comprises a hub member I2 provided with oppositely-disposed friction faces l3 and ii and provided on. its periphery with splined teeth with whichthe teeth l of a ring member l6 mesh. This hub 'issplined on the shifting thereof and is resiliently connected to 1 is a perspective view of a rear axle drive v a modified clutching J instrumentality of the receives its drive direct the instrumeritality 'of the friction positive type and shaft 3 to permit axial the shiftable ring I through the instrumentality I of the spring-pressed balls I]. The hub of the gear 6 is provided with clutch teeth, radially? posed, I8 and similar clutch teeth l9 are formed on the shaft]. with the shiftable ring l6 shifted to the left, looking at Fig. 4, the friction clutch face l3 will be first engaged with the friction Y c lutch face on the'hub of the gear 6.- This will tend to synchronize the gear with its shaft 3 and a continued shifting pressure on the ring l6 will release the spring-pressed balls l1, per

mitting the ring- [6 to continue in its shifting movement to engage theteeth l5 with the teeth l8,'thus locking the gear 6 to the shaft 3. Likewise a shifting to the right of the clutch member 15 It will engage the friction face It with a friction face 2| on the shaft 1 and then engage the teeth 15 with the teeth I! on the shaft, thereby directly connecting the two shafts 3 and I together.

The countershaft 9 is provided with a hypoid 20, pinion 22 disposed on the opposite side of the vertical axis of the gear 2 and above-the horizontal of the gear. Therefore, with the gear ll shifted to mesh with .the gear 5 a drive will be established from the shaft 3 throughthe gear 5, 25 .at low speed, the gear ll, the shaft 9, pinion 22 andthe ring gear 2, thus driving the ring gear of the differential at low speed. With the gear I l shifted out of engagement with the gear 5 and the gear 6 connected to the shaft 3 through the clutch heretofore described,

the drive will be through the shaft 3, the gear 6, the gear in andthecoui'iter shaft 9, thus driving thehing gear of the differential at second speed,

It will be noted that in each instance when the ring gear 2 is being driven at second or low 7 speed the drive is through the coimter shaft 9 and the pinion 22 mounted above the horizontal axis of the ring gear 2. i

If it is desired to rotate or drive ring gear 2 49 in-reverse, the shiftable gear II is shifted to the left to mesh with an idler gear (not shown) in turn meshing. with the gear 4 whereby the drive will be in a reverse direction through the counter shaft 9..

8 which, it will be noted, 50

automobile. Under certain conditions it is advantageous to provide an over-speed drive and to this end I provide on the shaft 1 an over-speed gear 32 which in turn meshes with a gear 23 mounted on shaft 8. This over-speed gear is rotatably mounted on the shaft 1 and is adapted to be connected thereto throughthe instrumentality of a synchronizing clutch 24 of the type described in connection with the gear 6 and this clutch not only is adapted to connect the gear 32.

to the shaft I but is likewise adapted to connect the pinion 8 to the shaft 1 for the purpose of accomplishing the direct drive as heretofore described. With the shafts 3 and '1 directly connected, the gear 6 being therefore disconnected and the gear 32 connected to shaft 1, the pinion 8 being therefore disconnected from the shaft 1, an over-speed drive will be established through the shaft 3, the shaft I, the gears 32 and 23, the shaft 8, pinion 22 to the ring gear 2. When, however, it is not desired to use the over-speed drive, the pinion 8 is connected to the shaft I through the instrumentaiity of the clutch 24 and the gear 32 is disconnected from the shaft I so that the over-speed drive gears 32 and 23 will not interfere with the driving operation of the remaining parts.

It is thus seen that with very few gears I am enabled to obtain a large number of speed variations. Due to the fact that the ring gear 2 and the pinions 8 and 22 are of the hypoid gear type, the shafts 8 and I may be set-above and below the center of the ring gear 2, thereby accommodating one of the rear 'axles as the rear axle may be projected between these two shafts without interfering in any way with the operation of the parts.

In Fig. I have illustrated a modification of the overspeed drive clutch means whereby the transmission may be shortened somewhat. In this structure I have provided a form of. dental clutch although the synchronizing-type of clutch may be used and as illustrated, thehub of the gear 32 is provided on its face with dental clutching teeth 25 which are adapted tolbe meshed with or engaged by the clutching teetliijfi on the axial.- ly-slidable clutch member 21 splined on the end of the shaft 1. The pinon 8 is rigidly mounted on a hub or sleeve 28 rotatable on the shaft 1. This sleeve is provided with dental clutch teeth 28 extending toward thecenter of the ring gear 2 and an axially-slidable collar 30 is splined on the shaft 1 within the ringgear, being provided with clutch teeth 3| for engagement with the teeth 28. In operation it is obvious that with the clutch teeth 28 and 3| disengaged and the teeth 25 andZiengaged, the over-speed drive through the gears 32 and 23 will be the same as in the structure illustrated in Fig. 2. With the clutch teeth 25 and 26 disengaged and the teeth 28 and 3| engaged the transmission drive with the three speeds forward and the one reverse will be the same as is illustrated in Fig. 2.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination with the ring gear of differential, of a pair of driven shafts, a pinion rotatably mounted on one of said shafts and drivingly engaging said ring gear, a pinion fixed to the other ofsaid shafts, a driving shaft, means for directly connecting said driving and firstmentioned shaft, means for drivingly connecting the pinion thereon with said shaft, two sets of speed-changing gears for driving the secondmentioned shaft and means for drivingly disengaging the pinion on said first-mentioned shaft' when the second-mentioned shaft is driven by one of the sets of said speed-changing gears.

2. The combination with the ring gear of a differential, of a pair of driving shafts disposed on opposite sides of the horizontal axis of said 5 gear, a pinion mounted on each of said shafts, said pinions being disposed on opposite sides of the vertical axis of said gear, a driving shaft in axial alignment with one of said driven shafts,

a gear rotatably mounted on said driving shaft, a gear fixed on said second driven shaft and in constant mesh with'the rotatably mounted gear, and a shiftable member for selectively connecting said aligned driving and driven shafts or for connecting said rotatably mounted gear with the driven shaft.

3. The combination with the ring gear of a differential, of a pair of driving shafts disposed .on opposite sides of the horizontal axis of said gear, a pinion mounted on each of said shafts disposed on opposite sides of the vertical axis of said ring gear, a driving shaft in axial alignment with one of said driven shafts, a gear rotatably mounted on said driving shaft, a pair of gears fixed on said driving shaft, a gear mounted on the second of said driven shafts in constant mesh with said rotatably mounted gear, a sliding gear on said second shaft for establishing driving relation between said driving and second driven shaft through said fixed gears, and a shiftable member for selectively connecting said aligned driving and driven shafts or for connecting said rotatably mounted gear with the driven shaft.

4. The combination with the ring gear of a35. differential, of a pair of driving shafts disposed ,on opposite sides of the horizontal axis of said gear, a pinion mounted on each of said shafts disposed on opposite sides of the vertical axis of said gear, a driving shaft, a gear rotatably 40 mounted on said driving shaft, a gear fixed on one of said driven shafts and in constant mesh with said rotatably mounted gear, a second gear fixed on said driven shaft on the opposite side of the vertical axis of said ring gear, a gear rotatably mounted on the other of said driven shafts and in constant mesh vn'th said second-mentioned gear on the other driven shaft, one of said pinions being rotatably mounted on its shaft, shiftable means for selectively connecting the'driving shaft to one of said driven shafts or for connecting the rotatably'mounted gear with the driving shaft and shiftable means for selectively connecting the rotatably mounted pinion with its shaft or the second-mentioned rotatably mounted gear with its driven shaft.

5. The combination with a ring gear, of a pair of driven shafts disposed on opposite sides of' the horizontal axis of said ring gear, a pinion on each of said shafts meshing with said ring gear, said pinions being disposed on opposite sides of the vertical axes of said gear, transmission gearing disposed on one side of the vertical axis of said gear for driving one of said driven 'shaf ts from the other, a driving shaft, a transmission gearing disposed on the opposite side of the vertical axis of said pinion gear for'driving one of said shafts from the driving shaft, and means for establishing direct driving relation between the driving shaft and one of said driven shafts and'means for establishing driving relation between said driven shaft and the other driven shaft through transmission gearing.

WILLIAM B. BARNES. 

